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Circulating cell‐free micro RNA s in cutaneous melanoma staging and recurrence or survival prognosis
Author(s) -
Polini Beatrice,
Carpi Sara,
Romanini Antonella,
Breschi Maria Cristina,
Nieri Paola,
Podestà Adriano
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
pigment cell and melanoma research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.618
H-Index - 105
eISSN - 1755-148X
pISSN - 1755-1471
DOI - 10.1111/pcmr.12755
Subject(s) - melanoma , medicine , concordance , microrna , biomarker , oncology , disease , liquid biopsy , cancer , bioinformatics , cancer research , biology , gene , biochemistry
Cutaneous melanoma is a skin cancer with increasing incidence. Identification of novel clinical biomarkers able to detect the stage of disease and suggest prognosis could improve treatment and outcome for melanoma patients. Cell‐free micro RNA s (cf‐mi RNA s) are the circulating copies of short non‐coding RNA s involved in gene expression regulation. They are released into the interstitial fluid, are detectable in blood and other body fluids and have interesting features of ideal biomarker candidates. They are stable outside the cell, tissue specific, vary along with cancer development and are sensitive to change in the disease course such as progression or therapeutic response. Moreover, they are accessible by non‐invasive methods or venipuncture. Some articles have reported different cf‐mi RNA s with the potential of diagnostic tools for melanoma staging, recurrence and survival prediction. Although some concordance of results is already emerging, differences in analytical methods, normalization strategies and tumour staging still will require further research and standardization prior to clinical usage of cf‐mi RNA analysis. This article reviews this literature with the aim of contributing to a shared focusing on these new promising tools for melanoma treatment and care.