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Leaf photosynthetic and anatomical insights into mechanisms of acclimation in rice in response to long‐term fluctuating light
Author(s) -
Wei Ze,
Duan Fengying,
Sun Xuezhen,
Song Xianliang,
Zhou Wenbin
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
plant, cell and environment
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.646
H-Index - 200
eISSN - 1365-3040
pISSN - 0140-7791
DOI - 10.1111/pce.13954
Subject(s) - thylakoid , acclimatization , electron transport chain , photosynthesis , oryza sativa , chlorophyll fluorescence , photosystem ii , biology , biophysics , quenching (fluorescence) , botany , chloroplast , atp synthase , photosystem , non photochemical quenching , chlorophyll , biochemistry , fluorescence , enzyme , physics , quantum mechanics , gene
Long‐term fluctuating light (FL) conditions are very common in natural environments. The physiological and biochemical mechanisms for acclimation to FL differ between species. However, most of the current conclusions regarding acclimation to FL were made based on studies in algae or Arabidopsis thaliana . It is still unclear how rice ( Oryza sativa L.) integrate multiple physiological changes to acclimate to long‐term FL. In this study, we found that rice growth was repressed under long‐term FL. By systematically measuring phenotypes and physiological parameters, we revealed that: (a) under short‐term FL, photosystem I (PSI) was inhibited, while after 1–7 days of long‐term FL, both PSI and PSII were inhibited. Higher acceptor‐side limitation in electron transport and higher overall nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ) explained the lower efficiencies of PSI and PSII, respectively. (b) An increase in pH differences across the thylakoid membrane and a decrease in thylakoid proton conductivity revealed a reduction of ATP synthase activity. (c) Using electron microscopy, we showed a decrease in membrane stacking and stomatal opening after 7 days of FL treatment. Taken together, our results show that electron flow, ATP synthase activity and NPQ regulation are the major processes determining the growth performance of rice under long‐term FL conditions.