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Root‐type ferredoxin‐NADP + oxidoreductase isoforms in Arabidopsis thaliana : Expression patterns, location and stress responses
Author(s) -
Grabsztunowicz Magda,
Rantala Marjaana,
Ivanauskaite Aiste,
Blomster Tiina,
Koskela Minna M.,
Vuorinen Katariina,
Tyystjärvi Esa,
Burow Meike,
Overmyer Kirk,
Mähönen Ari P.,
Mulo Paula
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
plant, cell and environment
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.646
H-Index - 200
eISSN - 1365-3040
pISSN - 0140-7791
DOI - 10.1111/pce.13932
Subject(s) - stele , ferredoxin , arabidopsis thaliana , arabidopsis , gene isoform , biology , plastid , wild type , biochemistry , function (biology) , botany , microbiology and biotechnology , chloroplast , gene , mutant , enzyme
In Arabidopsis, two leaf‐type ferredoxin‐NADP + oxidoreductase (LFNR) isoforms function in photosynthetic electron flow in reduction of NADP + , while two root‐type FNR (RFNR) isoforms catalyse reduction of ferredoxin in non‐photosynthetic plastids. As the key to understanding, the function of RFNRs might lie in their spatial and temporal distribution in different plant tissues and cell types, we examined expression of RFNR1 and RFNR2 genes using β‐glucuronidase (GUS) reporter lines and investigated accumulation of distinct RFNR isoforms using a GFP approach and Western blotting upon various stresses. We show that while RFNR1 promoter is active in leaf veins, root tips and in the stele of roots, RFNR2 promoter activity is present in leaf tips and root stele, epidermis and cortex. RFNR1 protein accumulates as a soluble protein within the plastids of root stele cells, while RFNR2 is mainly present in the outer root layers. Ozone treatment of plants enhanced accumulation of RFNR1, whereas low temperature treatment specifically affected RFNR2 accumulation in roots. We further discuss the physiological roles of RFNR1 and RFNR2 based on characterization of rfnr1 and rfnr2 knock‐out plants and show that although the function of these proteins is partly redundant, the RFNR proteins are essential for plant development and survival.