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Variations in CYP 78 A 13 coding region influence grain size and yield in rice
Author(s) -
XU FAN,
FANG JUN,
OU SHUJUN,
GAO SHAOPEI,
ZHANG FENGXIA,
DU LIN,
XIAO YUNHUA,
WANG HONGRU,
SUN XIAOHONG,
CHU JINFANG,
WANG GUODONG,
CHU CHENGCAI
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
plant, cell and environment
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.646
H-Index - 200
eISSN - 1365-3040
pISSN - 0140-7791
DOI - 10.1111/pce.12452
Subject(s) - biology , coding region , gene , japonica , mutant , single nucleotide polymorphism , genetics , genetically modified rice , population , sequence analysis , botany , transgene , genetically modified crops , genotype , demography , sociology
G rain size is one of the most important determinants of crop yield in cereals. Here, we identified a dominant mutant, big grain2 ( bg2‐ D ) from our enhancer‐trapping population. Genetic analysis and S ite F inding PCR (polymerase chain reaction) revealed that BG 2 encodes a cytochrome P 450, OsCYP 78 A 13. Sequence search revealed that CYP 78 A 13 has a paralogue G rain L ength 3.2 ( GL 3.2 , LOC _ Os 03 g 30420 ) in rice with distinct expression patterns, analysis of transgenic plants harbouring either CYP 78 A 13 or GL 3.2 showed that both can promote grain growth. Sequence polymorphism analysis with 1529 rice varieties showed that the nucleotide diversity at CYP 78 A 13 gene body and the 20 kb flanking region in the indica varieties were markedly higher than those in japonica varieties. Further, comparison of the genomic sequence of CYP 78 A 13 in the japonica cultivar N ipponbare and the indica cultivar 9311 showed that there were three I n D els in the promoter region and eight SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphism) in its coding sequence. Detailed examination of the transgenic plants with chimaeric constructs suggested that variation in CYP 78 A 13 coding region is responsible for the variation of grain yield. Taken together, our results suggest that the variations in CYP 78 A 13 in the indica varieties hold potential in rice breeding for application of grain yield improvement.