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Phenotypic and genotypic analyses of diversity and breeding progress in European triticale ( × Triticosecale Wittmack)
Author(s) -
Losert Dominik,
Maurer Hans Peter,
Marulanda José J.,
Würschum Tobias
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
plant breeding
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.583
H-Index - 71
eISSN - 1439-0523
pISSN - 0179-9541
DOI - 10.1111/pbr.12433
Subject(s) - triticale , biology , germplasm , agronomy , population , genotyping , genetic diversity , grain yield , selection (genetic algorithm) , plant breeding , crop , microbiology and biotechnology , genotype , doubled haploidy , quantitative trait locus , genetics , demography , gene , sociology , computer science , artificial intelligence
Abstract Knowledge of the extent of phenotypic variability, genetic diversity and the realized breeding progress is central for the optimum design of breeding programmes, but little information is available for triticale ( × Triticosecale Wittmack). In this study, a collection of 885 diverse European triticale lines was evaluated in multilocation field trials in 2 years. We observed significant genotypic variances and high heritabilities for several agronomic and morphological traits and significant correlations among different traits including grain yield. Based on a subset of the population of 121 varieties registered in Europe between 1983 and 2014, we observed a substantial breeding progress for grain yield with a significant rate of increase of 53 kg/ha or 0.67% per year. All lines were genotyped by a genotyping‐by‐sequencing approach yielding 58 888 polymorphic markers. Our analyses revealed the absence of major population structure but a certain grouping of lines according to their origin. Taken together, our results on triticale germplasm and its breeding history provide important information for breeding programmes and future selection gain in this crop.