Open AccessThe grapevine ( Vitis vinifera ) LysM receptor kinases Vv LYK 1‐1 and Vv LYK 1‐2 mediate chitooligosaccharide‐triggered immunity
Author(s) -
Brulé Daphnée,
Villano Clizia,
Davies Laura J.,
Trdá Lucie,
Claverie Justine,
Héloir MarieClaire,
Chiltz Annick,
Adrian Marielle,
Darblade Benoît,
Tornero Pablo,
Stransfeld Lena,
Boutrot Freddy,
Zipfel Cyril,
Dry Ian B.,
Poinssot Benoit
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
plant biotechnology journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.525
H-Index - 115
eISSN - 1467-7652
pISSN - 1467-7644
DOI - 10.1111/pbi.13017
Subject(s) - biology , chitin , arabidopsis , powdery mildew , mutant , elicitor , plant disease resistance , gene , microbiology and biotechnology , immune system , innate immune system , genetics , botany , biochemistry , chitosan
Summary Chitin, a major component of fungal cell walls, is a well‐known pathogen‐associated molecular pattern (PAMP) that triggers defense responses in several mammal and plant species. Here, we show that two chitooligosaccharides, chitin and chitosan, act as PAMPs in grapevine ( Vitis vinifera ) as they elicit immune signalling events, defense gene expression and resistance against fungal diseases. To identify their cognate receptors, the grapevine family of LysM receptor kinases (LysM‐RKs) was annotated and their gene expression profiles were characterized. Phylogenetic analysis clearly distinguished three V. vinifera LysM‐RKs (VvLYKs) located in the same clade as the Arabidopsis CHITIN ELICITOR RECEPTOR KINASE1 (AtCERK1), which mediates chitin‐induced immune responses. The Arabidopsis mutant Atcerk1 , impaired in chitin perception, was transformed with these three putative orthologous genes encoding VvLYK1‐1, ‐2, or ‐3 to determine if they would complement the loss of AtCERK1 function. Our results provide evidence that VvLYK1‐1 and VvLYK1‐2, but not VvLYK1‐3, functionally complement the Atcerk1 mutant by restoring chitooligosaccharide‐induced MAPK activation and immune gene expression. Moreover, expression of VvLYK1‐1 in Atcerk1 restored penetration resistance to the non‐adapted grapevine powdery mildew ( Erysiphe necator ). On the whole, our results indicate that the grapevine VvLYK1‐1 and VvLYK1‐2 participate in chitin‐ and chitosan‐triggered immunity and that VvLYK1‐1 plays an important role in basal resistance against E. necator .