Open AccessTranscriptome‐wide analysis of the MADS ‐box gene family in the orchid E rycina pusilla
Author(s) -
Lin ChounSea,
Hsu ChenTran,
Liao DeChih,
Chang WanJung,
Chou MingLun,
Huang YaoTing,
Chen Jeremy J. W.,
Ko SweeSuak,
Chan MingTsair,
Shih MingChe
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
plant biotechnology journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.525
H-Index - 115
eISSN - 1467-7652
pISSN - 1467-7644
DOI - 10.1111/pbi.12383
Subject(s) - biology , mads box , transcriptome , gene , orchidaceae , rna seq , genetics , evolutionary biology , computational biology , botany , gene expression , arabidopsis , mutant
Summary Orchids exhibit a range of unique flower shapes and are a valuable ornamental crop. MADS ‐box transcription factors are key regulatory components in flower initiation and development. Changing the flower shape and flowering time can increase the value of the orchid in the ornamental horticulture industry. In this study, 28 MADS ‐box genes were identified from the transcriptome database of the model orchid E rycina pusilla . The full‐length genomic sequences of these MADS ‐box genes were obtained from BAC clones. Of these, 27 were MIKC ‐type E p MADS (two truncated forms) and one was a type I E p MADS . Eleven E p MADS genes contained introns longer than 10 kb. Phylogenetic analysis classified the 24 MIKC c genes into nine subfamilies. Three specific protein motifs, AG , FUL and SVP , were identified and used to classify three subfamilies. The expression profile of each E p MADS gene correlated with its putative function. The phylogenetic analysis was highly correlated with the protein domain identification and gene expression results. Spatial expression of E p MADS 6 , E p MADS 12 and E p MADS 15 was strongly detected in the inflorescence meristem, floral bud and seed via in situ hybridization. The subcellular localization of the 28 E p MADS proteins was also investigated. Although E p MADS 27 lacks a complete MADS ‐box domain, E p MADS 27‐ YFP was localized in the nucleus. This characterization of the orchid MADS ‐box family genes provides useful information for both orchid breeding and studies of flowering and evolution.