Open AccessComparative transcriptome analysis between somatic embryos ( SE s) and zygotic embryos in cotton: evidence for stress response functions in SE development
Author(s) -
Jin Fangyan,
Hu Lisong,
Yuan Daojun,
Xu Jiao,
Gao Wenhui,
He Liangrong,
Yang Xiyan,
Zhang Xianlong
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
plant biotechnology journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.525
H-Index - 115
eISSN - 1467-7652
pISSN - 1467-7644
DOI - 10.1111/pbi.12123
Subject(s) - biology , somatic embryogenesis , transcriptome , maternal to zygotic transition , embryo , zygote , embryogenesis , microbiology and biotechnology , somatic cell , gene , genetics , gossypium , gene expression , phenotype
Summary As a product of asexual reproduction in plants, the somatic embryo ( SE ) differentiates into a new plantlet via a zygotic embryogenesis‐like process. Here, we present the phenotypic and cellular differences between SE s and zygotic embryos ( ZE s) revealed by histological section scanning using three parallel development stages of the two types of embryos of cotton ( G ossypium hirsutum cv. YZ 1), including globular, torpedo and cotyledonary‐stages. To identify the molecular characteristics of SE development in cotton, the digital gene expression system was used to profile the genes active during SE and ZE development. A total of 4242 differentially expressed genes ( DEG s) were identified in at least one developmental stage. Expression pattern and functional classification analysis based on these DEG s reveals that SE development exhibits a transcriptional activation of stress responses. RT ‐ PCR analysis further confirmed enhanced expression levels of stress‐related genes in SE s than in ZE s. Experimental stress treatment, induced by N a C l and ABA , accelerated SE development and increased the transcription of genes related to stress response, in parallel with decelerated proliferation of embryogenic calluses under stress treatment. Our data reveal that SE development involves the activation of stress responses, which we suggest may regulate the balance between cell proliferation and differentiation. These results provide new insight into the molecular mechanisms of SE development and suggest strategies that can be used for regulating the developmental processes of somatic embryogenesis.