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Combination of Pain Location and Pain Duration is Associated with Central Sensitization‐Related Symptoms in Patients with Musculoskeletal Disorders: A Cross‐Sectional Study
Author(s) -
Tanaka Katsuyoshi,
Nishigami Tomohiko,
Mibu Akira,
Imai Ryota,
Manfuku Masahiro,
Tanabe Akihito
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
pain practice
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.899
H-Index - 58
eISSN - 1533-2500
pISSN - 1530-7085
DOI - 10.1111/papr.13005
Subject(s) - medicine , chronic pain , physical therapy , brief pain inventory , cross sectional study , central sensitization , odds ratio , musculoskeletal pain , low back pain , referred pain , nociception , receptor , alternative medicine , pathology
Abstract Objectives Increased evidence indicates that pain location affects central sensitization (CS)‐related symptoms. In addition, pain location and pain duration may be intricately related to CS‐related symptoms. However, these factors have been investigated separately. This study aimed to investigate the association between CS‐related symptoms and pain location and/or pain duration in patients with musculoskeletal disorders. Methods Six hundred thirty‐five participants with musculoskeletal disorders were included in this cross‐sectional study. All participants were assessed for pain location, pain duration, central sensitization inventory (CSI), EuroQol‐5 dimension, and brief pain inventory. The participants were categorized into 3 groups based on pain location (spinal, limb, and both spinal and limb pain) and into 2 groups based on pain duration (acute and chronic pain). Results The interaction between pain location and pain duration were not significant on CSI score ( P > 0.05). The odds ratio for higher CSI score (≥ 40) in patients with both spinal and limb pain vs. those with spinal or limb pain was 2.64 ( P < 0.01) and that in patients with chronic pain vs. those with acute pain was 1.31 ( P = 0.52). In addition, the prevalence of higher CSI scores in the combination of chronic and “both spinal and limb” pain was high (23.1%, adjusted residual = 4.48). Conclusions Pain location independently influenced CSI scores, and the combination of both spinal and limb pain and chronic pain indicated high CSI scores. The combination of pain location and pain duration is an important clue that points to CS‐related symptoms.