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Developing BrightHearts: A Pediatric Biofeedback‐Mediated Relaxation App to Manage Procedural Pain and Anxiety
Author(s) -
Morrow Angela M.,
Burton Karen L. O.,
Watanabe Melissa M.,
Cloyd Benjamin H.,
Khut George P.
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
pain practice
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.899
H-Index - 58
eISSN - 1533-2500
pISSN - 1530-7085
DOI - 10.1111/papr.12655
Subject(s) - biofeedback , relaxation (psychology) , anxiety , medicine , physical therapy , heart rate , psychological intervention , multimedia , nursing , computer science , psychiatry , blood pressure , radiology
Abstract Objective The objective of this study was to develop a child‐friendly biofeedback‐mediated relaxation device called BrightHearts. Methods Qualitative data were collected at a tertiary pediatric hospital to inform an iterative design process. Clinicians participated in expert group interviews to identify practical considerations that would facilitate the use of BrightHearts during procedures and provide feedback on prototype designs. Children 7 to 18 years of age participated in interactive exhibitions of the prototypes and were interviewed about their experiences using BrightHearts. Results Twenty‐four clinicians participated in 6 group interviews. Thirty‐nine children participated in interactive exhibitions, and 21 were interviewed. Clinicians placed high value on the following factors in the management of procedural pain: providing children with an element of control, the use of relaxation techniques, and the use of portable electronic devices such as iP ads. They highlighted the need for BrightHearts to be cost effective, portable, and capable of engaging children's interest. They confirmed the utility of developing a biofeedback‐assisted relaxation device for children. Based on the factors identified by clinicians, BrightHearts was developed as an iP ad application (app) paired with a wireless heart rate monitor. The BrightHearts heart rate biofeedback app displays digital geometric artwork that responds to changes in heart rate. Children 7 to 17 years of age understood the concept of biofeedback and operated the app by slowing their heart rates. Conclusion The BrightHearts app can be used to teach children biofeedback‐assisted relaxation. Ongoing studies are evaluating its efficacy for the management of procedural pain in children.