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Observational Coding Systems of Parent–Child Interactions During Painful Procedures: A Systematic Review
Author(s) -
Bai Jinbing,
Swanson Kristen M.,
Santacroce Sheila J.
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
pain practice
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.899
H-Index - 58
eISSN - 1533-2500
pISSN - 1530-7085
DOI - 10.1111/papr.12588
Subject(s) - observational study , psychosocial , distress , observational methods in psychology , psycinfo , cinahl , medicine , coding (social sciences) , clinical psychology , developmental psychology , medline , psychology , psychiatry , pathology , statistics , mathematics , political science , psychological intervention , law
Abstract Background Parent interactions with their child can influence the child's pain and distress during painful procedures. Reliable and valid interaction analysis systems ( IAS s) are valuable tools for capturing these interactions. The extent to which IAS s are used in observational research of parent‐child interactions is unknown in pediatric populations. Objectives To identify and evaluate studies that focus on assessing psychometric properties of initial iterations/publications of observational coding systems of parent‐child interactions during painful procedures. Methods To identify and evaluate studies that focus on assessing psychometric properties of initial iterations/publications of observational coding systems of parent‐child interactions during painful procedures. Computerized databases searched included PubMed, CINAHL , Psyc INFO , Health and Psychosocial Instruments, and Scopus. Timeframes covered from inception of the database to January 2017. Studies were included if they reported use or psychometrics of parent‐child IAS s. First assessment was whether the parent‐child IAS s were theory‐based; next, using the Society of Pediatric Psychology Assessment Task Force criteria IAS s were assigned to one of three categories: well‐established, approaching well‐established, or promising. Results A total of 795 studies were identified through computerized searches. Eighteen studies were ultimately determined to be eligible for inclusion in the review and 17 parent‐child IAS s were identified from these 18 studies. Among the 17 coding systems, 14 were suitable for use in children age 3 years or more; two were theory‐based; and 11 included verbal and nonverbal parent behaviors that promoted either child coping or child distress. Four IAS s were assessed as well‐established; seven approached well‐established; and six were promising. Conclusions Findings indicate a need for the development of theory‐based parent‐child IAS s that consider both verbal and nonverbal parent behaviors during painful procedures. Findings also suggest a need for further testing of those parent‐child IASs deemed “approaching well‐established” or “promising”.