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HMGB1: A pleiotropic activity
Author(s) -
Colavita Laura,
Ciprandi Giorgio,
Salpietro Annamaria,
Cuppari Caterina
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
pediatric allergy and immunology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.269
H-Index - 89
eISSN - 1399-3038
pISSN - 0905-6157
DOI - 10.1111/pai.13358
Subject(s) - hmgb1 , inflammation , medicine , high mobility group , synovial fluid , immunology , sputum , biomarker , damp , s100a8 , pathology , biology , osteoarthritis , gene , genetics , tuberculosis , alternative medicine , physics , meteorology
High‐mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a nuclear protein involved in DNA replication, transcription, recombination, and repair. In the extracellular space, the HMGB1 plays an essential role in the onset and perpetuation of inflammation, belonging to the group of damage‐associated molecular pattern (DAMP) molecules, also called alarmins. For this, HMGB1 has been studied in several acute and chronic inflammatory diseases as an early biomarker of inflammation. An increased concentration of HMGB1 has been detected in serum, as the expression of systemic inflammation, and in specific samples (such as stool, synovial fluid, nasal lavage fluid, sputum, and cerebrospinal fluid), as the expression of local production, in several infectious and/or inflammatory diseases. These data are particularly important because they open new futuristic possibilities for target therapies, potentially also for the COVID‐19 treatment.