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Evaluation of the efficiency of hydrolyzed whey formula to prevent cow’s milk allergy in the BALB/c mouse model
Author(s) -
Chikhi Amina,
Elmecherfi KamelEddine,
Bernard Hervé,
CortesPerez Naima,
Kheroua Omar,
Saidi Djamel,
AdelPatient Karine
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
pediatric allergy and immunology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.269
H-Index - 89
eISSN - 1399-3038
pISSN - 0905-6157
DOI - 10.1111/pai.13017
Subject(s) - sensitization , milk allergy , medicine , immunoglobulin e , foxp3 , food allergy , immunology , potency , allergy , balb/c , il 2 receptor , cytokine , allergic response , t cell , immune system , biochemistry , antibody , chemistry , in vitro
Background Partially hydrolyzed milk formulas have been proposed for primary prevention in at‐risk infants, but evidence of their efficiency and elucidation of the underlying mechanisms are still lacking. Thanks to a Th2‐biased mouse model mimicking at‐risk patients, we aimed to assess the potency of a partially hydrolyzed whey formula (pHWF) to induce oral tolerance thus preventing further cow's milk (CM) allergy. Methods BALB/c mice were gavaged with pHWF, standard milk formula (SF), or vehicle only (PBS+). All mice were then orally sensitized to CM using cholera toxin and further chronically exposed to CM. Humoral (IgE, IgG1, IgG2a) and cellular (Th2/Th1/Th17 cytokine secretion; frequency of CD4+GATA3+ and CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ T cells in the spleen) responses against β‐lactoglobulin (BLG) and whole caseins (CAS) were assessed, as well as a marker of elicitation of allergic reaction (mMCP‐1) released after an oral challenge with CM. Results All markers of sensitization and of allergic reaction were evidenced in the PBS+ mice and were significantly enhanced upon chronic exposure. Gavage with SF totally and durably prevented sensitization and elicitation of the allergic reaction. Conversely, pre‐treatment with pHWF only reduced BLG‐specific sensitization (IgE, Th2 cytokines), with no significant effect on sensitization to caseins. However, pHWF pre‐treatment significantly reduced mMCP‐1 concentration in plasma after CM challenges. CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Treg cell frequency could not be correlated with tolerance efficiency. Conclusion Partially hydrolyzed whey formula only partially prevents the further development of CM allergy in this Th2‐biased model. A hydrolysate from both whey and casein fractions may be more efficient.