A Tale of Two “Alliances”: Internal Threats and Networked Civil Society in J apan– US and S outh K orea– US Base Politics

This article examines what we call internal threats and civil alliances in connection with the two formal security alliances the U nited S tates has forged with J apan and S outh K orea. It investigates the causal link between the rise of internal threats to human and environmental security and the formation of civic alliances. In this process, we demonstrate the salience of networked human and environmental security actors and their articulation of anti‐alliance and anti‐base discourses. As case studies, the article focuses on the base relocation projects in J apan and S outh K orea at the heart of the formation of these civil alliances.