Premium
Predictors of outcomes in hospitalized patients undergoing pacemaker insertion: Analysis from the national inpatient database (2016‐2017)
Author(s) -
Kichloo Asim,
Shaka Hafeez,
Aljadah Michael,
Amir Rawan,
Albosta Michael,
Jamal Shakeel,
Khan Muhammad Zia,
Wani Farah,
Mir Khalid Mohiuddin,
Kanjwal Khalil
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
pacing and clinical electrophysiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.686
H-Index - 101
eISSN - 1540-8159
pISSN - 0147-8389
DOI - 10.1111/pace.14314
Subject(s) - medicine , odds ratio , heart failure , anemia , sick sinus syndrome , retrospective cohort study , healthcare cost and utilization project , population , database , cardiology , health care , environmental health , computer science , economics , economic growth
Background Pacemaker implantation in the U.S. is rising due to an aging population. The aim of this analysis was to identify risk factors associated with increased mortality and complications in hospitalized patients requiring pacemaker implantation. Methods We performed a retrospective analysis using the National Inpatient Sample database, identifying hospitalized patients who underwent pacemaker implantation using International Classification of Disease, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification codes. Independent predictors of inpatient mortality were identified using multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results There were 242,980 hospitalizations with pacemaker implantation during 2016 and 2017. The most frequently encountered indications for hospitalizations involving pacemaker insertion included sick sinus syndrome (SSS) (27.60%), complete atrioventricular (AV) block (21.57%), and second‐degree AV block (7.83%). Chronic liver disease was associated with the highest adjusted odds of inpatient mortality (aOR = 5.76, 95% CI: 4.46 to 7.44, p < .001). Comorbid anemia had the highest statistically significant adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for predictors of post‐procedural cardiac complications (aOR = 3.17, 95% CI: 2.81 to 3.58, p < .001). Mortality in hospitalized patients needing pacemaker implantation was 1.05%. About 3.36% of hospitalizations developed post procedural circulatory complications (PPCC), 2.45% developed sepsis, and 1.84% developed mechanical complications of cardiac electronic devices. Conclusions We identified several predictors of inpatient mortality in hospitalized patients undergoing pacemaker implantation, including chronic liver disease, protein‐calorie malnutrition, chronic heart failure, anemia, and history of malignancy. Anemia, chronic liver disease, and congestive heart failure were independent predictors of adverse outcomes in such patients.