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Stepwise approach for visualization and reconstruction of pulmonary valve with intracardiac echocardiography
Author(s) -
De Sensi Francesco,
Addonisio Luigi,
Miracapillo Gennaro,
Breschi Marco,
Cresti Alberto,
Limbruno Ugo
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
pacing and clinical electrophysiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.686
H-Index - 101
eISSN - 1540-8159
pISSN - 0147-8389
DOI - 10.1111/pace.14233
Subject(s) - medicine , cardiology , ventricular outflow tract , intracardiac injection , ablation , ventricular tachycardia , radiofrequency ablation , pulmonary artery , pulmonary valve , aortic valve
Ventricular tachycardia and premature ventricular complexes (PVCs) arising from right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) are the most common type of ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) in patients without structural heart disease. Radiofrequency ablation is now the gold standard of treatment in this setting due to high efficacy rates and optimal safety profile. During the last few years, the pulmonary valve (PV) and the pulmonary artery (PA) have attracted much attention as reliable sites of origin of RVOT‐type arrhythmias. In the mean while intracardiac echocardiogram (ICE) has undoubtedly improved our understanding of the cardiac anatomy. Aim of this paper is to provide an illustrated step‐by‐step guide on how to use ICE with the CARTOSOUND module to visualize and reconstruct 3D shell of the RV, the PV, as well of other contiguous anatomical structures (i.e., the aortic valve and coronary arteries) to perform aware and safe ablation in this region.