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Prevalence and causes of reduced visual acuity among children aged three to six years in a metropolis in China
Author(s) -
Pan ChenWei,
Chen Xuejuan,
Gong Yu,
Yu Jiajia,
Ding Hui,
Bai Jing,
Chen Ji,
Zhu Hui,
Fu Zhujun,
Liu Hu
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
ophthalmic and physiological optics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.147
H-Index - 66
eISSN - 1475-1313
pISSN - 0275-5408
DOI - 10.1111/opo.12249
Subject(s) - medicine , refractive error , visual acuity , astigmatism , confidence interval , optometry , ophthalmology , fundus (uterus) , physics , optics
Abstract Purpose To determine the prevalence and possible causes for reduced visual acuity ( VA ) in preschool children in a metropolis in China. Methods A school‐based paediatric eye survey including 5862 preschool children aged three to 6 years was conducted from 2011 to 2012 in Yuhuatai District, Nanjing, China, using an age‐stratified random sampling procedure. Clinical examinations including ocular alignment, ocular motility, visual acuity, prism cover test, cycloplegic refraction, stereopsis screening, slit lamp examination and fundus examination were performed by trained study ophthalmologists and optometrists. Reduced VA was defined as presenting VA of worse than 0.30 log MAR (Snellen 6/12 or 20/40), for both better and worse eyes. Results 5667 (94.8%) children with complete VA data were included in the data analyses. Among them, 208 and 93 had reduced VA in the worse and better eye, respectively. Reduced VA was detected in 3.7% (95% confidence interval [ CI ] 3.2%–4.2%) in the worse eye and 1.6% (95% CI 1.3%–2.0%) in the better eye. No significant age and gender differences in reduced VA were observed ( p > 0.05). Refractive errors and amblyopia were the principal causes for reduced VA in the worse eye which accounted for 66.8% and 32.7% of the total cases with reduced VA , respectively. Astigmatism and hyperopia were the major types of refractive errors causing reduced VA . Conclusions The burden of reduced VA in preschool children in China was similar to that of Asian children of similar ages in the United States. Uncorrected refractive error and amblyopia were the principal causes for reduced VA among preschoolers (aged three to 6 years) in China.