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Stem cells from exfoliated deciduous teeth alleviate hyposalivation caused by Sjögren syndrome
Author(s) -
Du ZhiHao,
Ding Chong,
Zhang Qian,
Zhang Yan,
Ge XiYuan,
Li ShengLin,
Yu GuangYan
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
oral diseases
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.953
H-Index - 87
eISSN - 1601-0825
pISSN - 1354-523X
DOI - 10.1111/odi.13113
Subject(s) - stem cell , spleen , submandibular gland , apoptosis , biology , saliva , inflammation , pathology , endocrinology , medicine , immunology , microbiology and biotechnology , biochemistry
Objectives To evaluate the effect of stem cells from exfoliated deciduous teeth on the hyposalivation caused by Sjögren syndrome (SS) and investigate the mechanism. Methods Stem cells were injected into the tail veins of non‐obese diabetic mice, the animal model of SS. The saliva flow was measured after pilocarpine intraperitoneal injection. Apoptosis and autophagy were evaluated by TUNEL and Western blot. Lymphocyte proportions were detected by flow cytometer. Results Fluid secretion was decreased in 21‐week‐old mice. Stem cell treatment increased fluid secretion, alleviated inflammation in the submandibular glands and reduced inflammatory cytokine levels in the serum, submandibular glands and saliva. Stem cells decreased the apoptotic cell number and the expressions of ATG5 and Beclin‐1 in the submandibular glands. Stem cells have no effect on other organs. Furthermore, the infused stem cells migrated to the spleen and liver, not the submandibular gland. Stem cells directed T cells towards Treg cells and suppressed Th1 and Tfh cells in spleen lymphocytes. Conclusion Stem cells from exfoliated deciduous teeth alleviate the hyposalivation caused by SS via decreasing the inflammatory cytokines, regulating the inflammatory microenvironment and decreasing the apoptosis and autophagy. The stem cells regulated in T‐cell differentiation are involved in the immunomodulatory effects.