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Post‐weaning xenohormone intake affects adult rat submandibular gland in a sex‐dependent manner
Author(s) -
Kouidhi Wided,
Bergès Raymond,
Drouin Gaêtan,
Desmetz Catherine,
Auger Jacques,
El May Michèle,
CanivencLavier MarieChantal
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
oral diseases
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.953
H-Index - 87
eISSN - 1601-0825
pISSN - 1354-523X
DOI - 10.1111/odi.12907
Subject(s) - medicine , submandibular gland , endocrinology , vinclozolin , mucin , weaning , salivary gland , androgen receptor , biology , offspring , testosterone (patch) , pregnancy , biochemistry , botany , genetics , prostate cancer , cancer , fungicide
Objectives We previously reported that maternal exposure to genistein and vinclozolin, ingested alone or in combination, affects submandibular salivary glands of rat offspring. Here, we investigated the responsiveness of submandibular gland when such xenohormone exposure occurs later in life. Materials and Methods Chemicals were given orally to male and female Wistar rats (1 mg/kg body weight per day), from weaning to adulthood. Submandibular glands and plasma were collected at postnatal day 100 for histologic and molecular analysis. Results Whereas no effect was observed in females, increases in granular convoluted tubules area coupled with a modification of salivary secretions were found in male submandibular glands. Genistein and vinclozolin similarly increased the mRNA expression of Cystatin C, Mucin 10, Growth factors, and plasmatic EGF . Negative correlations were found between the expressions of androgen receptor and EGF (−0.34; p < 0.05), TGF α (−0.52; p < 0.01), Mucin 10 (−0.43; p < 0.05), and Cystatin C (−0.42; p < 0.05) as well as between progesterone receptor and EGF (−0.56; p < 0.01). The Spearman correlation test revealed also a positive correlation between salivary EGF ‐ mRNA expression and EGF in plasma (+0.32; p < 0.05). Conclusion Our findings confirm the sex‐dependent sensitivity of submandibular salivary glands to dietary xenohormones and underline the influence of the exposure period.