Cytokine gene polymorphism in denture stomatitis patients: A clinical study

Objective This clinical study investigated the association between cytokine gene polymorphism and Candida growth in denture stomatitis ( DS ) patients. Subjects and Methods Saliva and blood samples of 160 complete denture wearers (80 healthy controls and 80 with DS ) were collected for mycological and gene polymorphism testing, respectively. Salivary Candida growth and TNF ‐α, TGF ‐β, IL ‐6, and IL ‐10 genotypes were investigated. Data were analyzed using Student’s t test, Mann–Whitney U test, chi‐square analysis, and continuity (yates) correction tests ( p  < .05). Results Candida albicans colony counts in saliva were significantly higher in the DS group and in the TNF ‐α GG genotype ( p  < .05). TGF ‐β TC GG and TGF ‐β CC GG haplotypes were significantly higher in DS and control groups, respectively ( p  < .05). C. albicans colony counts were significantly higher in control group in the TGF ‐β TC GG haplotype ( p  < .05). Candida glabrata colony counts were significantly higher in the DS group than the control group in IL ‐6 GG genotype ( p  < .05). The difference between DS types in IL ‐6 genotypes was significant with lower expression level in DS type 3 than DS type 1 and also type 2 ( p  ≤ .01). Conclusion The significant differences in some genotypes of the TNF ‐α, TGF ‐β, and IL ‐6 in DS patients are promising in understanding the host defense in DS .