Fetuin‐A, serum amyloid A and tumor necrosis factor alpha levels in periodontal health and disease

Objectives This study is evaluating fetuin‐A, serum amyloid A ( SAA ) and tumor necrosis factor alpha ( TNF ‐ α ) levels in gingival crevicular fluid ( GCF ) and serum samples in periodontal health and disease. Material and Methods Sixty patients were divided into three groups: Group 1 periodontal health ( n  = 20), Group 2 gingivitis ( n  = 20) and Group 3 chronic periodontitis ( CP ) ( n  = 20). GCF and serum samples were evaluated using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay kit. Results SAA and TNF ‐ α levels in GCF and serum were significantly higher in patients with gingivitis and CP compared with controls ( P  < 0.016). Contrarily, fetuin‐A levels in GCF and serum were significantly higher in controls than in patients with gingivitis and CP ( P  < 0.016). In CP group, a significant correlation was observed between GCF ‐ SAA amount and the number of sites with 4 ≤  PPD  ≤ 5 mm ( P  < 0.05). There was a significant correlation between GCF ‐fetuin‐A levels and the number of sites with PPD  ≥ 6 mm ( P  < 0.05). GCF ‐ TNF ‐ α was found to have a significant relationship with the number of sites with 4 ≤  PPD  ≤ 5 mm and PPD  ≥ 6 mm ( P  < 0.05). Conclusions In conclusion, serum and total levels of SAA significantly increased, whereas fetuin‐A levels significantly decreased, with increasing severity of PD .