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Psychological disorders and oral lichen planus: matched case–control study and literature review
Author(s) -
Pippi R,
Romeo U,
Santoro M,
Del Vecchio A,
Scully C,
Petti S
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
oral diseases
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.953
H-Index - 87
eISSN - 1601-0825
pISSN - 1354-523X
DOI - 10.1111/odi.12423
Subject(s) - oral lichen planus , anxiety , case control study , odds ratio , medicine , mood , confounding , depression (economics) , clinical psychology , confidence interval , psychology , psychiatry , dermatology , economics , macroeconomics
Objective Oral lichen planus ( OLP ) may be linked to psychological disorders. This study investigated psychological factors associated with OLP . Methods A case–control study with incident OLP case patients and age–gender–socio‐economic status‐matched controls, recruited from among relatives, accompanying persons, and departmental staff, investigated psychological traits using the Psychological General Well‐Being Index‐Short form. Common factor analysis was used to generate a set of psychological dimensions. The association between these dimensions and OLP adjusted for confounders (education, number of lifetime sexual partners, drinking–smoking) and interactions was assessed through conditional logistic regression and odds ratios ( OR ) were estimated. Results A total of 67 case–control pairs were recruited. Psychological dimensions generated were: dimension‐1 (anxiety, low vitality), dimension‐2 (negative well‐being, low vitality), dimension‐3 (depressed mood, low self‐control). The OR s for OLP were, dimension‐1, 1.0 (95% confidence interval ‐95 CI , 0.3–2.6); dimension‐2, 0.5 (95 CI , 0.2–1.2); dimension‐3, 4.8 (95 CI , 1.8–12.9). Dimension‐3 was highly associated with mild, but not associated with severe, OLP . Literature searching provided 21 studies, with anxiety and depression principally associated with OLP . Conclusions Depressed mood and low self‐control were highly associated with OLP , particularly the reticular–papular forms. These traits could have a causative role in OLP development‐progression, but further investigations are necessary.