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Systemic use of non‐biologic agents in orofacial diseases: other immunomodulatory agents
Author(s) -
Georgakopoulou EA,
Scully C
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
oral diseases
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.953
H-Index - 87
eISSN - 1601-0825
pISSN - 1354-523X
DOI - 10.1111/odi.12172
Subject(s) - medicine , thalidomide , dapsone , apremilast , purine analogue , adverse effect , topical agents , calcineurin , pharmacology , dermatology , immunology , psoriasis , purine , biochemistry , chemistry , psoriatic arthritis , multiple myeloma , enzyme , transplantation
Systemic non‐biologic agents have long been in clinical use in medicine – often with considerable efficacy, albeit with some adverse effects – as with all medications. With the advent of biologic agents, all of which currently are restricted to systemic use, there is a growing need to ensure which agents have the better therapeutic ratio. The non‐biologic agents ( NBA s) include a range of agents, most importantly the corticosteroids (steroids). Previous articles by us in this series have discussed systemic use of corticosteroids and purine synthesis inhibitors; the other immunomodulating agents (calcineurin inhibitors, thalidomide, dapsone, colchicine and cyclophosphamide) are reviewed in this final article.