Peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor ( PPAR ) γ polymorphism, vitamin D , bone mineral density and periodontitis in postmenopausal women

Objectives PPAR g regulates bone metabolism and inflammation. Our previous study suggested PPAR g P ro12 A la polymorphism to represent a susceptibility factor for periodontitis in pregnant J apanese women. Several recent papers have drawn attention to a possible link between low bone mineral density ( BMD ) and periodontitis in postmenopausal women. Since the pathogenesis for both involve bone remodeling, they might share common risk factors such as gene polymorphisms and vitamin D level. The present study investigated possible associations between the PPAR g P ro12 A la polymorphism, periodontitis, BMD and serum 25( OH ) D in postmenopausal J apanese women. Materials and Methods PPAR g P ro12 A la genotypes of 359 women were determined by PCR ‐ RFLP . BMD and periodontal parameters of each woman were measured. Serum 25( OH )D levels were determined by radioimmunoassay. Results PPAR g P ro12 A la polymorphism was not associated with periodontitis or BMD as an independent factor. Serum 25( OH ) D was significantly higher in A la allele carriers compared to non‐carriers. Only in the A la allele carriers, positive correlations were found between mean clinical attachment level and BMD , between BMD and 25( OH ) D , and between percentage of sites with probing depth ≥4 mm and 25( OH ) D . Conclusions PPAR g P ro12 A la polymorphism was not independently associated with periodontitis or BMD . However, the polymorphism might be a modulator of the relationship between the two conditions in postmenopausal J apanese women.