Premium
Triclosan alters antimicrobial and inflammatory responses of epithelial cells
Author(s) -
Wallet MA,
Calderon NL,
Alonso TR,
Choe CS,
Catalfamo DL,
Lalane CJ,
Neiva KG,
Panagakos F,
Wallet SM
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
oral diseases
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.953
H-Index - 87
eISSN - 1601-0825
pISSN - 1354-523X
DOI - 10.1111/odi.12001
Subject(s) - triclosan , lipopolysaccharide , inflammation , antimicrobial , microbiology and biotechnology , porphyromonas gingivalis , immune system , innate immune system , fusobacterium nucleatum , immunology , stimulation , chemistry , periodontitis , pharmacology , medicine , biology , pathology
Periodontal diseases are a class of pathologies wherein oral microbes induce harmful immune responses in a susceptible host. Therefore, an agent that can both reduce microbial burden and lessen pathogenesis of localized inflammation would have beneficial effects in periodontal disease; 2,4,4‐trichloro‐2‐hydroxydiphenyl‐ether [triclosan] is currently used in oral care products owing to broad spectrum antimicrobial and anti‐inflammatory properties. Objective To determine effects of triclosan on the response of oral epithelial cells to stimulation with the inflammatory microbial product lipopolysaccharide ( LPS ), a ligand for toll‐like receptor 4 [ TLR 4]. Materials/Methods Primary human oral epithelial cells were stimulated with LPS in the presence and/or absence of triclosan after which expression of pro‐inflammatory cytokines, β‐defensins, micro‐ RNA s [mi RNA s], or TLR ‐signaling pathway proteins were evaluated. Results Here, we demonstrate that triclosan is a potent inhibitor of oral epithelial cell LPS ‐induced pro‐inflammatory responses by inducing mi RNA regulation of the TLR ‐signaling pathway. Triclosan was not a pan‐suppresser of oral epithelial cell responses as β‐defensin 2 [βD2] and βD3 were upregulated by triclosan following LPS ‐stimulation. Conclusions These data demonstrate both a novel antimicrobial mechanism by which triclosan improves plaque control and an additional anti‐inflammatory property, which could have beneficial effects in periodontal disease resolution.