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Influence of pharyngeal airway respiration pressure on Class II mandibular retrusion in children: A computational fluid dynamics study of inspiration and expiration
Author(s) -
Iwasaki T.,
Sato H.,
Suga H.,
Takemoto Y.,
Inada E.,
Saitoh I.,
Kakuno K.,
Kanomi R.,
Yamasaki Y.
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
orthodontics and craniofacial research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.664
H-Index - 55
eISSN - 1601-6343
pISSN - 1601-6335
DOI - 10.1111/ocr.12145
Subject(s) - expiration , airway , medicine , malocclusion , pharynx , airway resistance , dentistry , orthodontics , anesthesia , anatomy , respiratory system
Structured Abstract Objectives To examine the influence of negative pressure of the pharyngeal airway on mandibular retraction during inspiration in children with nasal obstruction using the computational fluid dynamics ( CFD ) method. Setting and Sample Population Sixty‐two children were divided into Classes I, II (mandibular retrusion) and III (mandibular protrusion) malocclusion groups. Material and Methods Cone‐beam computed tomography data were used to reconstruct three‐dimensional shapes of the nasal and pharyngeal airways. Airflow pressure was simulated using CFD to calculate nasal resistance and pharyngeal airway pressure during inspiration and expiration. Results Nasal resistance of the Class II group was significantly higher than that of the other two groups, and oropharyngeal airway inspiration pressure in the Class II (−247.64 Pa) group was larger than that in the Class I (−43.51 Pa) and Class III (−31.81 Pa) groups ( P <.001). The oropharyngeal airway inspiration–expiration pressure difference in the Class II (−27.38 Pa) group was larger than that in the Class I (−5.17 Pa) and Class III (0.68 Pa) groups ( P =.006). Conclusion Large negative inspiratory pharyngeal airway pressure due to nasal obstruction in children with Class II malocclusion may be related to their retrognathia.