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Craniofacial morphology in pediatric patients with Prader–Willi syndrome: a retrospective study
Author(s) -
Giuca M. R.,
Inglese R.,
Caruso S.,
Gatto R.,
Marzo G.,
Pasini M.
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
orthodontics and craniofacial research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.664
H-Index - 55
eISSN - 1601-6343
pISSN - 1601-6335
DOI - 10.1111/ocr.12131
Subject(s) - craniofacial , medicine , maxilla , cephalometry , orthodontics , dentistry , retrospective cohort study , cephalometric analysis , psychiatry
Structured Abstract Objective To investigate craniofacial characteristics in pediatric patients with Prader–Willi syndrome ( PWS ). Setting and Sample Population A retrospective sample of 20 consecutive patients with PWS who had lateral and antero‐posterior ( AP ) cephalograms (14 males and six females; average age 10.2 ± 3 years) was compared to 20 controls matched for age and sex (14 males and six females; average age 10.5 ± 3.7 years). Materials and Methods Cephalometric skeletal measurements were performed twice at a 1‐week interval by one calibrated operator, and random error was calculated using Dahlberg's formula. Mean values and standard deviations were computed for all variables. Student's t ‐test for independent samples was used to determine significant differences between PWS and controls. The level of significance was set at p < 0.05. Results Cephalometric values for the length of the maxilla ( p < 0.01), mandibular length ( p < 0.05) at both the ramus ( p < 0.05) and the mandibular body ( p < 0.01), and posterior and anterior facial height ( p < 0.01) were significantly lower in patients with PWS compared to controls. The AP cephalometric analysis revealed a significant reduction ( p < 0.01) in maxillary skeletal width, mandibular skeletal width, and interzygomatic distance. Conclusions Pediatric patients with PWS seem to have a general reduction in certain craniofacial skeletal parameters (i.e., maxillary and mandibular length) compared to controls, but this study did not assess the overall craniofacial characteristics.