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Cell morphologic changes and PCNA expression within craniofacial sutures during monkey Class III treatment
Author(s) -
Han X.,
Lu H.,
Li S.,
Xu Y.,
Zhao N.,
Xu Y.,
Zhao W.
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
orthodontics and craniofacial research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.664
H-Index - 55
eISSN - 1601-6343
pISSN - 1601-6335
DOI - 10.1111/ocr.12127
Subject(s) - craniofacial , proliferating cell nuclear antigen , fibrous joint , anatomy , calvaria , parietal bone , maxilla , biology , chemistry , immunohistochemistry , pathology , medicine , skull , genetics , in vitro , biochemistry
Structured Abstract Objectives To evaluate and compare the cellular morphologic changes and proliferating cell nuclear antigen ( PCNA ) expression within craniofacial sutures in growing Rhesus monkeys treated with a Class III functional appliance. Materials and methods Six Rhesus monkeys in the mixed dentition stage were divided into three groups: a 45‐day experimental group, a 90‐day experimental group, and a control group. Monkeys in the experimental groups were fitted with a Class III magnetic twin‐block appliance. Cellular changes in six craniofacial sutures—the zygomaticomaxillary, zygomaticotemporal, transverse palatine, pterygopalatine, zygomaticofrontal, and frontomaxillary sutures were qualitatively and quantitatively evaluated by means of histomorphologic analysis, TEM , and immunohistochemical test of PCNA . Results Obvious and altered bone remodeling combined with bone deposition and resorption was present in craniofacial sutures in the experimental groups. Increased activity of enlarged fibroblasts with abundant organelles was revealed. PCNA expression increased in the 45‐day group compared with the control group, followed by the 90‐day group. The highest percentage of PCNA ‐positive cells was found in the pterygopalatine suture in the 45‐day group and the zygomaticomaxillary suture in the 90‐day group. Conclusions The pterygopalatine and zygomaticomaxillary sutures are more active among the craniofacial sutures in the craniofacial complex remodeling during Class III treatment. The magnetic twin‐block appliance effectively promoted suture remodeling by enhancing the activity and proliferation of osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and fibroblasts, especially in the early phase.