Occlusal traits in children with neurofibromatosis type 1

Structured Abstract Objectives Literature is poor of data about the occlusion in children affected by neurofibromatosis type 1 ( NF 1). This case–control study investigated the occlusal traits in a group of children with NF 1. Setting and sample population A hundred and fifteen children with NF 1 were enrolled; non‐ NF 1 controls were sequentially selected among subjects referred to the Pediatric Dentistry Department. Material and methods All patients underwent a clinical dental examination and a panoramic radiography. The following orthodontic variables were considered: molar relationship, overjet, overbite, cross‐bite, scissor bite, and crowding/spacing. Results Class III molar relationship resulted significantly ( p = 0.01) more common in children with NF 1 than in the control group as well as the unilateral posterior cross‐bite ( p = 0.0017). Forty‐three children with NF 1 (37.3%) showed radiographic abnormalities; in one case, a plexiform neurofibroma was detected. Conclusions An early orthodontic evaluation might be planned in the management of children with NF 1 to prevent or decrease the need for extensive orthodontic interventions.