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Endothelin‐1 in the pathophysiology of obesity and insulin resistance
Author(s) -
Jenkins Haley N.,
RiveraGonzalez Osvaldo,
Gibert Yann,
Speed Joshua S.
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
obesity reviews
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.845
H-Index - 162
eISSN - 1467-789X
pISSN - 1467-7881
DOI - 10.1111/obr.13086
Subject(s) - insulin resistance , pathophysiology , obesity , medicine , endothelin receptor , endocrinology , receptor
Summary The association between plasma endothelin‐1 (ET‐1) and obesity has been documented for decades, yet the contribution of ET‐1 to risk factors associated with obesity is not fully understood. In 1994, one of first papers to document this association also noted a positive correlation between plasma insulin and ET‐1, suggesting a potential contribution of ET‐1 to the development of insulin resistance. Both endogenous receptors for ET‐1, ET A and ET B are present in all insulin‐sensitive tissues including adipose, liver and muscle, and ET‐1 actions within these tissues suggest that ET‐1 may be playing a role in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance. Further, antagonists for ET‐1 receptors are clinically approved making these sites attractive therapeutic targets. This review focuses on known mechanisms through which ET‐1 affects plasma lipid profiles and insulin signalling in these metabolically important tissues and also identifies gaps in our understanding of ET‐1 in obesity‐related pathophysiology.