Premium
Weight loss and lifestyle interventions for obstructive sleep apnoea in adults: Systematic review and meta‐analysis
Author(s) -
CarneiroBarrera Almudena,
DíazRomán Amparo,
GuillénRiquelme Alejandro,
BuelaCasal Gualberto
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
obesity reviews
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.845
H-Index - 162
eISSN - 1467-789X
pISSN - 1467-7881
DOI - 10.1111/obr.12824
Subject(s) - medicine , meta analysis , psychological intervention , cinahl , physical therapy , randomized controlled trial , weight loss , sleep hygiene , systematic review , excessive daytime sleepiness , scopus , medline , gerontology , obesity , sleep disorder , psychiatry , insomnia , political science , law , sleep quality
Summary Lifestyle interventions addressing diet, exercise‐training, sleep hygiene, and/or tobacco/alcohol cessation are recommended in the management of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). Yet their effectiveness on this condition still requires further research. This systematic review and meta‐analysis was aimed at establishing (a) the effectiveness of lifestyle interventions on apnoea‐hypopnoea index (AHI), oxygen desaturation index (ODI), excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), and secondary OSA measures among adults, and (b) which intervention characteristics may drive the greatest improvements. A systematic search of studies was conducted using CINAHL, ProQuest, Psicodoc, Scopus, and Web of Science, from inception to April 2018. Standardized mean differences were calculated using the inverse variance method and random‐effects models. The meta‐analyses of 13 randomized controlled trials and 22 uncontrolled before‐and‐after studies (1420 participants) revealed significant reductions on AHI ( d = −0.61 and −0.46, respectively), ODI ( d = −0.61 and −0.46) and EDS ( d = −0.41 and −0.49). Secondary OSA outcomes were also improved after interventions. However, effectiveness of interventions differed depending on their components, OSA severity, and gender. Thus, until future research further supports the differential effectiveness among lifestyle interventions on OSA, those addressing weight loss through diet and exercise‐training may be the most effective treatments for male patients with moderate‐severe OSA.