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Preterm birth and risk of type 1 and type 2 diabetes: systematic review and meta‐analysis
Author(s) -
Li S.,
Zhang M.,
Tian H.,
Liu Z.,
Yin X.,
Xi B.
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
obesity reviews
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.845
H-Index - 162
eISSN - 1467-789X
pISSN - 1467-7881
DOI - 10.1111/obr.12214
Subject(s) - medicine , type 2 diabetes , odds ratio , meta analysis , confidence interval , diabetes mellitus , subgroup analysis , cohort study , relative risk , premature birth , risk factor , obstetrics , pregnancy , endocrinology , gestational age , biology , genetics
Summary Preterm birth is suggested to play an important role in the development of diabetes. However, results have been inconsistent. We conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis to clarify the relationship between preterm birth and type 1 and type 2 diabetes. P ub M ed, E mbase and ISI W eb of S cience were searched. A total of 18 studies (including 2,176,480 participants and 22,073 cases) for type 1 diabetes and five studies (including 31,478 participants and 1,898 cases) for type 2 diabetes were included in the current meta‐analyses. We calculated pooled odds ratio ( OR ) and 95% confidence interval ( CI ) using fixed‐effects model to evaluate the relations between preterm birth and type 1 and type 2 diabetes. The results suggested that preterm birth was significantly associated with increased risk of type 1 diabetes ( OR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.11–1.25), with no evidence of between‐study heterogeneity ( I 2 = 13.2%, P = 0.296). Preterm birth was also significantly associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes ( OR = 1.51, 95% CI = 1.32–1.72), with no evidence of ( I 2 = 0.0%, P = 0.557). Subgroup analyses suggested that there was significant association in both case‐control studies ( OR = 1.16, 95% CI = 1.06–1.26) and cohort studies (relative risk = 1.20, 95% CI = 1.11–1.29) for type 1 diabetes, and similar results were found for type 2 diabetes. The results suggested that preterm birth was a significant and independent risk factor for both type 1 and type 2 diabetes.