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Disease‐modifying treatment of chemical threat agent–induced acute lung injury
Author(s) -
Radbel Jared,
Laskin Debra L.,
Laskin Jeffrey D.,
Kipen Howard M.
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
annals of the new york academy of sciences
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.712
H-Index - 248
eISSN - 1749-6632
pISSN - 0077-8923
DOI - 10.1111/nyas.14438
Subject(s) - disease , medicine , chemical agents , intensive care medicine , lung , biochemical engineering , engineering
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a highly morbid lung pathology induced by exposure to chemical warfare agents, including vesicants, phosgene, chlorine, and ricin. In this review, we describe the pathology associated with the development of ARDS in humans and experimental models of acute lung injury following animal exposure to these high‐priority threat agents. Potential future approaches to disease‐modifying treatment used in preclinical animal studies, including antioxidants, anti‐inflammatories, biologics, and mesenchymal stem cells, are also described. As respiratory pathologies, including ARDS, are the major cause of morbidity and mortality following exposure to chemical threat agents, understanding mechanisms of disease pathogenesis is key to the development of efficacious therapeutics beyond the primary intervention principle, which remains mechanical ventilation.