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Current perspectives on biological approaches for osteoarthritis
Author(s) -
Whitney Kaitlyn E.,
Liebowitz Andrea,
Bolia Ioanna K.,
Chahla Jorge,
Ravuri Sudheer,
Evans Thos A.,
Philippon Marc J.,
Huard Johnny
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
annals of the new york academy of sciences
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.712
H-Index - 248
eISSN - 1749-6632
pISSN - 0077-8923
DOI - 10.1111/nyas.13554
Subject(s) - osteoarthritis , medicine , modalities , regeneration (biology) , regenerative medicine , treatment modality , intensive care medicine , bioinformatics , pathology , surgery , stem cell , alternative medicine , biology , social science , genetics , sociology , microbiology and biotechnology
Musculoskeletal injuries that disrupt the structure and function of diarthrodial joints can cause permanent biomechanical alterations and lead to a more severe, chronic condition. Despite advancements that have been made to restore tissue function and delay the need for joint replacement, there are currently no disease‐modifying therapies for osteoarthritis (OA). To reduce the risk of OA, innovative preventive medicine approaches have been developed over the last decade to treat the underlying pathology. Several biological approaches are promising treatment modalities for various stages of OA owing to their minimally invasive nature and actively dynamic physiological mechanisms that attenuate tissue degradation and inflammatory responses. Individualized growth factor and cytokine therapies, tissue‐engineered biomaterials, and cell‐based therapies have revolutionary potential for orthopedic applications; however, the paucity of standardization and categorization of biological components and their counterparts has made it difficult to determine their clinical and biological efficacy. Cell‐based therapies and tissue‐engineered biologics have become lucrative in sports medicine and orthopedics; nonetheless, there is a continued effort to produce a biological treatment modality tailored to target intra‐articular structures that recapitulates tissue function. Advanced development of these biological treatment modalities will potentially optimize tissue healing, regeneration, and joint preservation strategies. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to review current concepts on several biological treatment approaches for OA.