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Coagulation and fibrinolysis in gastric cancer
Author(s) -
Repetto Ombretta,
Re Valli
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
annals of the new york academy of sciences
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.712
H-Index - 248
eISSN - 1749-6632
pISSN - 0077-8923
DOI - 10.1111/nyas.13454
Subject(s) - hemostasis , fibrinolysis , coagulation , fibrin , fibrinogen , cancer , cancer research , thrombin , metastasis , thrombus , plasmin , medicine , platelet , chemistry , immunology , biochemistry , enzyme
Coagulation is a highly conserved process occurring after an injury to a blood vessel and resulting in hemostasis. In the thrombus microenvironment, finely orchestrated events restore vessel integrity through platelet activation, adhesion, and aggregation (primary hemostasis), followed by the coagulation cascades, thrombin generation, and fibrin clot deposition (secondary hemostasis). Several studies on cancer have provided insight into dramatic changes to coagulation‐related events (i.e., fibrin clot deposition, fibrinolysis) during tumor pathogenesis, progression, and metastasis, in addition to a tumor‐driven systemic activation of hemostasis and thrombosis (Trousseau's syndrome). Diverse molecular and cellular effectors participate in the cross talk between hemostasis and tumors. Here, we focus on some aspects of the interconnection between cancer biology and hemostatic components, with particular attention to some key coagulation‐related proteins (e.g., tissue factor, thrombin, fibrinogen, and D‐dimers) in the particular case of gastric cancer (GC). Recent advances in deciphering the complex molecular link between GC and the coagulation system are described, showing their important roles in better management of patients affected by GC.