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Biphasic influence of Staphylococcus aureus on human epidermal tight junctions
Author(s) -
Bäsler Katja,
Galliano MarieFlorence,
Bergmann Sophia,
Rohde Holger,
Wladykowski Ewa,
VidalySy Sabine,
Guiraud Beatrice,
Houdek Pia,
Schüring Germar,
Volksdorf Thomas,
Caruana Antony,
BessouTouya Sandrine,
Schneider Stefan W.,
Duplan Hélène,
Brandner Johanna M.
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
annals of the new york academy of sciences
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.712
H-Index - 248
eISSN - 1749-6632
pISSN - 0077-8923
DOI - 10.1111/nyas.13418
Subject(s) - hacat , occludin , tight junction , staphylococcus aureus , claudin , barrier function , microbiology and biotechnology , epidermis (zoology) , chemistry , human skin , proinflammatory cytokine , immunology , biology , cell culture , inflammation , bacteria , anatomy , genetics
Bacterial infections (e.g., with Staphylococcus aureus ) are serious problems in skin with a compromised barrier, such as in patients with atopic dermatitis. Previously, it was shown that tight junction (TJ) proteins are influenced by staphylococcal infection, and TJ function is impaired after infection of the keratinocyte cell line HaCaT. However, functional studies in cells or models more similar to human skin are missing. Therefore, we investigated bacterial colonialization and infection with live S. aureus in primary human keratinocytes and reconstructed human epidermis (RHE). We show that short‐term inoculation results in increased TJ barrier function—which could not be seen in HaCaT cells—hinting at an early protective effect. This is accompanied by occludin phosphorylation and sustained localization of occludin and claudin‐4 at cell membranes. Long‐term incubation resulted in decreased presence of claudin‐1 and claudin‐4 at cell membranes and decreased TJ barrier function. The agr regulon of S. aureus plays a role in the increasing but not in the decreasing effect. Proinflammatory cytokines, which are produced as a result of S. aureus inoculation, influence both phases. In summary, we show here that S. aureus can have short‐term promoting effects on the TJ barrier, while in the long term it results in disturbance of TJs.