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Early‐life influences on obesity: from preconception to adolescence
Author(s) -
Wahlqvist Mark L.,
Krawetz Stephen A.,
Rizzo Nico S.,
DominguezBello Maria Gloria,
Szymanski Linda M.,
Barkin Shari,
Yatkine Ann,
Waterland Robert A.,
Mennella Julie A.,
Desai Mina,
Ross Michael G.,
Krebs Nancy F.,
Young Bridget E.,
Wardle Jane,
Wrann Christiane D.,
Kral John G.
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
annals of the new york academy of sciences
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.712
H-Index - 248
eISSN - 1749-6632
pISSN - 0077-8923
DOI - 10.1111/nyas.12778
Subject(s) - overnutrition , diathesis , obesity , overweight , offspring , medicine , diabetes mellitus , transgenerational epigenetics , environmental health , gerontology , demography , pregnancy , endocrinology , biology , immunology , sociology , genetics
The double burden of under‐ and overnutrition profoundly affects human health globally. According to the World Health Organization, obesity and diabetes rates have almost doubled worldwide since 1980, and, in 2011, more than 40 million children under 5 years of age were overweight. Ecologic factors, parental genetics and fitness, and the intrauterine environment significantly influence the likelihood of offspring developing the dysmetabolic diathesis of obesity. This report examines the effects of these factors, including preconception, intrauterine and postnatal energy balance affecting programming of transgenerational transmission, and development of chronic diseases later in life—in particular, diabesity and its comorbidities.