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The biology of Plasmodium vivax explored through genomics
Author(s) -
Luo Zunping,
Sullivan Steven A.,
Carlton Jane M.
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
annals of the new york academy of sciences
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.712
H-Index - 248
eISSN - 1749-6632
pISSN - 0077-8923
DOI - 10.1111/nyas.12708
Subject(s) - plasmodium vivax , biology , malaria , genome , plasmodium (life cycle) , genomics , comparative genomics , parasite hosting , whole genome sequencing , evolutionary biology , virology , genetics , computational biology , plasmodium falciparum , gene , immunology , world wide web , computer science
Malaria is a mosquito‐borne disease caused by the Plasmodium parasite. Of the four Plasmodium species that routinely cause human malaria, Plasmodium vivax is the most widespread species outside Africa, causing ∼18.9 million cases in 2012. P. vivax cannot be cultured continuously in vitro , which severely hampers research in nonendemic and endemic countries alike. Consequently, whole‐genome sequencing has become an effective means to interrogate the biology of the P. vivax parasite. Our comparative genomic analysis of five P. vivax reference genomes and several whole‐genome sequences of the closely related monkey malaria species P. cynomolgi has revealed an extraordinary level of genetic diversity and enabled characterization of novel multigene families and important single‐copy genes. The generation of whole‐genome sequences from multiple clinical isolates is also driving forward knowledge concerning the biology and evolution of the species. Understanding the biology of P. vivax is crucial to develop potential antimalarial drugs and vaccines and to achieve the goal of eliminating malaria.