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Soil fungal networks moderate density‐dependent survival and growth of seedlings
Author(s) -
Liang Minxia,
Shi Liuqing,
Burslem David F. R. P.,
Johnson David,
Fang Miao,
Zhang Xinyi,
Yu Shixiao
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
new phytologist
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.742
H-Index - 244
eISSN - 1469-8137
pISSN - 0028-646X
DOI - 10.1111/nph.17237
Subject(s) - seedling , biology , ectomycorrhiza , colonization , abundance (ecology) , hypha , ectosymbiosis , mycorrhiza , botany , subtropics , arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi , ecology , symbiosis , inoculation , horticulture , genetics , bacteria
Summary Pathogenic and mutualistic fungi have contrasting effects on seedling establishment, but it remains unclear whether density‐dependent survival and growth are regulated by access to different types of mycorrhizal fungal networks supported by neighbouring adult trees. Here, we conducted an extensive field survey to test how mycorrhizal and pathogenic fungal colonization of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) and ectomycorrhizal (ECM) seedlings in a subtropical forest respond to density of neighbouring adult trees. In addition, we undertook a hyphal exclusion experiment to explicitly test the role of soil fungal networks in driving density‐dependent effects on seedling growth and survival. Conspecific adult density was a strong predictor for the relative abundance of putative pathogens, which was greater in roots of AM than of ECM seedlings, while mycorrhizal fungal abundance and colonization were not consistently affected by conspecific adult density. Both ECM and AM fungal networks counteracted conspecific density‐dependent mortality, but ECM fungi were more effective at weakening the negative effects of high seedling density than AM fungi. Our findings reveal a critical role of common fungal networks in mitigating negative density‐dependent effects of pathogenic fungi on seedling establishment, which provides mechanistic insights into how soil fungal diversity shapes plant community structure in subtropical forests.