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Fusaric acid instigates the invasion of banana by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense TR 4
Author(s) -
Liu Siwen,
Li Jian,
Zhang Yong,
Liu Na,
Viljoen Altus,
Mostert Diane,
Zuo Cunwu,
Hu Chunhua,
Bi Fangcheng,
Gao Huijun,
Sheng Ou,
Deng Guiming,
Yang Qiaosong,
Dong Tao,
Dou Tongxin,
Yi Ganjun,
Ma LiJun,
Li Chunyu
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
new phytologist
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.742
H-Index - 244
eISSN - 1469-8137
pISSN - 0028-646X
DOI - 10.1111/nph.16193
Subject(s) - fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense , biology , fusarium wilt , phytotoxin , fusaric acid , hypha , fusarium oxysporum , virulence , microbiology and biotechnology , reactive oxygen species , botany , gene , fusarium , biochemistry , toxin
Summary Fusaric acid ( FSA ) is a phytotoxin produced by several Fusarium species and has been associated with plant disease development, although its role is still not well understood. Mutation of key genes in the FSA biosynthetic gene ( FUB ) cluster in Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense tropical race 4 ( Foc TR 4) reduced the FSA production, and resulted in decreased disease symptoms and reduced fungal biomass in the host banana plants. When pretreated with FSA , both banana leaves and pseudostems exhibited increased sensitivity to Foc TR 4 invasion. Banana embryogenic cell suspensions ( ECS s) treated with FSA exhibited a lower rate of O 2 uptake, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, increased reactive oxygen species ( ROS ) accumulation, and greater nuclear condensation and cell death. Consistently, transcriptomic analysis of FSA ‐treated ECS s showed that FSA may induce plant cell death through regulating the expression of genes involved in mitochondrial functions. The results herein demonstrated that the FSA from Foc TR 4 functions as a positive virulence factor and acts at the early stage of the disease development before the appearance of the fungal hyphae in the infected tissues.