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The role of CYP 71A12 monooxygenase in pathogen‐triggered tryptophan metabolism and Arabidopsis immunity
Author(s) -
Pastorczyk Marta,
Kosaka Ayumi,
PiślewskaBednarek Mariola,
López Gemma,
Frerigmann Henning,
Kułak Karolina,
Glawischnig Erich,
Molina Antonio,
Takano Yoshitaka,
Bednarek Paweł
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
new phytologist
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.742
H-Index - 244
eISSN - 1469-8137
pISSN - 0028-646X
DOI - 10.1111/nph.16118
Subject(s) - arabidopsis , biology , arabidopsis thaliana , mutant , biochemistry , microbiology and biotechnology , gene
Summary Effective defense of Arabidopsis against filamentous pathogens requires two mechanisms, both of which involve biosynthesis of tryptophan (Trp)‐derived metabolites. Extracellular resistance involves products of PEN 2‐dependent metabolism of indole glucosinolates ( IG s). Restriction of further fungal growth requires PAD 3‐dependent camalexin and other, as yet uncharacterized, indolics. This study focuses on the function of CYP 71A12 monooxygenase in pathogen‐triggered Trp metabolism, including the biosynthesis of indole‐3‐carboxylic acid ( ICA ). Moreover, to investigate the contribution of CYP 71A12 and its products to Arabidopsis immunity, we analyzed infection phenotypes of multiple mutant lines combining pen2 with pad3 , cyp71A12 , cyp71A13 or cyp82C2 . Metabolite profiling of cyp71A12 lines revealed a reduction in ICA accumulation. Additionally, analysis of mutant plants showed that low amounts of ICA can form during an immune response by CYP 71B6/ AAO 1‐dependent metabolism of indole acetonitrile, but not via IG hydrolysis. Infection assays with Plectosphaerella cucumerina and Colletotrichum tropicale , two pathogens with different lifestyles, revealed cyp71A12‐ , cyp71A13‐ and cyp82C2 ‐associated defects associated with Arabidopsis immunity. Our results indicate that CYP 71A12, but not CYP 71A13, is the major enzyme responsible for the accumulation of ICA in Arabidopsis in response to pathogen ingression. We also show that both enzymes are key players in the resistance of Arabidopsis against selected filamentous pathogens after they invade.