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Comparative genomics of Rhizophagus irregularis , R. cerebriforme , R. diaphanus and Gigaspora rosea highlights specific genetic features in Glomeromycotina
Author(s) -
Morin Emmanuelle,
Miyauchi Shingo,
San Clemente Hélène,
Chen Eric C. H.,
Pelin Adrian,
Providencia Ivan,
Ndikumana Steve,
Beaudet Denis,
Hainaut Mathieu,
Drula Elodie,
Kuo Alan,
Tang Nianwu,
Roy Sébastien,
Viala Julie,
Henrissat Bernard,
Grigoriev Igor V.,
Corradi Nicolas,
Roux Christophe,
Martin Francis M.
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
new phytologist
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.742
H-Index - 244
eISSN - 1469-8137
pISSN - 0028-646X
DOI - 10.1111/nph.15687
Subject(s) - rhizophagus irregularis , biology , gene , symbiosis , genome , lotus japonicus , gene family , evolutionary biology , genetics , arbuscular mycorrhizal , mutant , bacteria
Summary Glomeromycotina is a lineage of early diverging fungi that establish arbuscular mycorrhizal ( AM ) symbiosis with land plants. Despite their major ecological role, the genetic basis of their obligate mutualism remains largely unknown, hindering our understanding of their evolution and biology. We compared the genomes of Glomerales ( Rhizophagus irregularis , Rhizophagus diaphanus , Rhizophagus cerebriforme ) and Diversisporales ( Gigaspora rosea ) species, together with those of saprotrophic Mucoromycota , to identify gene families and processes associated with these lineages and to understand the molecular underpinning of their symbiotic lifestyle. Genomic features in Glomeromycotina appear to be very similar with a very high content in transposons and protein‐coding genes, extensive duplications of protein kinase genes, and loss of genes coding for lignocellulose degradation, thiamin biosynthesis and cytosolic fatty acid synthase. Most symbiosis‐related genes in R. irregularis and G. rosea are specific to Glomeromycotina. We also confirmed that the present species have a homokaryotic genome organisation. The high interspecific diversity of Glomeromycotina gene repertoires, affecting all known protein domains, as well as symbiosis‐related orphan genes, may explain the known adaptation of Glomeromycotina to a wide range of environmental settings. Our findings contribute to an increasingly detailed portrait of genomic features defining the biology of AM fungi.