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A pair of nonspecific phospholipases C, NPC 2 and NPC 6, are involved in gametophyte development and glycerolipid metabolism in Arabidopsis
Author(s) -
Ngo Anh H.,
Lin YingChen,
Liu Yuchi,
Gutbrod Katharina,
Peisker Helga,
Dörmann Peter,
Nakamura Yuki
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
new phytologist
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.742
H-Index - 244
eISSN - 1469-8137
pISSN - 0028-646X
DOI - 10.1111/nph.15147
Subject(s) - arabidopsis , biology , complementation , gametophyte , phosphatidylethanolamine , microbiology and biotechnology , biochemistry , phosphatidate , ovule , phosphatidylcholine , diacylglycerol kinase , phospholipid , botany , mutant , enzyme , gene , embryo , pollen , protein kinase c , membrane
Summary Phospholipases play crucial roles in plant membrane lipid homeostasis. Nonspecific phospholipase C ( NPC s) establish a unique class of phospholipases found only in plants and certain bacteria. Here, we show that two previously uncharacterized NPC isoforms, NPC 2 and NPC 6, are required for male and female gametophyte development in Arabidopsis. Double mutant plants of npc2‐1 npc6‐2 could not be retrieved because npc2‐1 npc6‐2 ovule and pollen development is affected. Genetic complementation, reciprocal crossing and microscope observation of npc2‐1/– npc6‐2/+ and npc2‐1/+ npc6‐2/– plants suggest that NPC 2 and NPC 6 are redundant and are required for normal gametophyte development. Both NPC 2 and NPC 6 proteins are localized to the plastids. Promoter‐ GUS assays in transgenic Arabidopsis revealed that NPC 2 and NPC 6 are preferentially expressed in floral organs rather than in leaves. In vitro enzyme assays showed that NPC 2 and NPC 6 hydrolyze phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine, but not phosphatidate, being consistent with the reported substrate selectivity of NPC s. The amounts of phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylglycerol were increased in buds but not in flowers of npc2‐1/– npc6‐2/+ and npc2‐1/+ npc6‐2/– plants, presumably due to reduced phospholipid hydrolysis activity in developing flowers. Our results demonstrate that NPC2 and NPC6 play crucial roles in gametogenesis during flower development.