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A root‐knot nematode small glycine and cysteine‐rich secreted effector, MiSGCR1, is involved in plant parasitism
Author(s) -
Nguyen ChinhNghia,
PerfusBarbeoch Laetitia,
Quentin Michaël,
Zhao Jianlong,
Magliano Marc,
Marteu Nathalie,
Da Rocha Martine,
Nottet Nicolas,
Abad Pierre,
Favery Bruno
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
new phytologist
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.742
H-Index - 244
eISSN - 1469-8137
pISSN - 0028-646X
DOI - 10.1111/nph.14837
Subject(s) - biology , effector , nematode , obligate , root knot nematode , transcriptome , oomycete , gene , plant defense against herbivory , parasitism , botany , microbiology and biotechnology , rna silencing , genetics , rna , rna interference , host (biology) , gene expression , ecology
Summary Root‐knot nematodes, Meloidogyne spp., are obligate endoparasites that maintain a biotrophic relationship with their hosts. They infect roots as microscopic vermiform second‐stage juveniles, and establish specialized feeding structures called ‘giant‐cells’, from which they withdraw water and nutrients. The nematode effector proteins secreted in planta are key elements in the molecular dialogue of parasitism. Here, we compared Illumina RNA ‐seq transcriptomes for M. incognita obtained at various points in the lifecycle, and identified 31 genes more strongly expressed in parasitic stages than in preparasitic juveniles. We then selected candidate effectors for functional characterization. Quantitative real‐time PCR and in situ hybridizations showed that the validated differentially expressed genes are predominantly specifically expressed in oesophageal glands of the nematode. We also soaked the nematodes in si RNA to silence these genes and to determine their role in pathogenicity. The silencing of the dorsal gland specific‐ Minc18876 and its paralogues resulted in a significant, reproducible decrease in the number of mature females with egg masses, demonstrating a potentially important role for the small glycine‐ and cysteine‐rich effector Mi SGCR 1 in early stages of plant‐nematode interaction. Finally, we report that Mi SGCR 1 suppresses plant cell death induced by bacterial or oomycete triggers of plant defense.