Premium
A new proteinaceous pathogen‐associated molecular pattern ( PAMP ) identified in Ascomycete fungi induces cell death in Solanaceae
Author(s) -
FrancoOrozco Barbara,
Berepiki Adokiye,
Ruiz Olaya,
Gamble Louise,
Griffe Lucie L.,
Wang Shumei,
Birch Paul R. J.,
Kanyuka Kostya,
Avrova Anna
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
new phytologist
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.742
H-Index - 244
eISSN - 1469-8137
pISSN - 0028-646X
DOI - 10.1111/nph.14542
Subject(s) - nicotiana benthamiana , biology , oomycete , agroinfiltration , septoria , programmed cell death , mycosphaerella graminicola , microbiology and biotechnology , hordeum vulgare , effector , botany , pathogen , gene , genetics , apoptosis , poaceae
Summary Pathogen‐associated molecular patterns ( PAMP s) are detected by plant pattern recognition receptors ( PRR s), which gives rise to PAMP ‐triggered immunity ( PTI ). We characterized a novel fungal PAMP , Cell Death Inducing 1 (Rc CDI 1), identified in the Rhynchosporium commune transcriptome sampled at an early stage of barley ( Hordeum vulgare ) infection. The ability of Rc CDI 1 and its homologues from different fungal species to induce cell death in Nicotiana benthamiana was tested following agroinfiltration or infiltration of recombinant proteins produced by Pichia pastoris . Virus‐induced gene silencing ( VIGS ) and transient expression of Phytophthora infestans effectors Pi AVR 3a and Pex RD 2 were used to assess the involvement of known components of PTI in N. benthamiana responses to Rc CDI 1. Rc CDI 1 was highly upregulated early during barley colonization with R. commune . Rc CDI 1 and its homologues from different fungal species, including Zymoseptoria tritici , Magnaporthe oryzae and Neurospora crassa , exhibited PAMP activity, inducing cell death in Solanaceae but not in other families of dicots or monocots. Rc CDI 1‐triggered cell death was shown to require N. benthamiana Brassinosteroid insensitive 1‐Associated Kinase 1 (NbBAK1), N. benthamiana suppressor of BIR1‐1 (NbSOBIR1) and N. benthamiana SGT1 (NbSGT1), but was not suppressed by Pi AVR 3a or Pex RD 2. We report the identification of a novel Ascomycete PAMP, Rc CDI 1, recognized by Solanaceae but not by monocots, which activates cell death through a pathway that is distinct from that triggered by the oomycete PAMP INF 1.