Premium
JAZ 2 controls stomata dynamics during bacterial invasion
Author(s) -
GimenezIbanez Selena,
Boter Marta,
Ortigosa Andrés,
GarcíaCasado Gloria,
Chini Andrea,
Lewsey Mathew G.,
Ecker Joseph R.,
Ntoukakis Vardis,
Solano Roberto
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
new phytologist
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.742
H-Index - 244
eISSN - 1469-8137
pISSN - 0028-646X
DOI - 10.1111/nph.14354
Subject(s) - pseudomonas syringae , guard cell , mutant , biology , abscisic acid , jasmonate , arabidopsis , microbiology and biotechnology , pathogen , phototropism , repressor , apoplast , turgor pressure , gene , botany , gene expression , genetics , blue light , cell wall , physics , optics
Summary Coronatine ( COR ) facilitates entry of bacteria into the plant apoplast by stimulating stomata opening. COR ‐induced signaling events at stomata remain unclear. We found that the COR and jasmonate isoleucine ( JA ‐Ile) co‐receptor JAZ 2 is constitutively expressed in guard cells and modulates stomatal dynamics during bacterial invasion We analyzed tissue expression patterns of At JAZ genes and measured stomata opening and pathogen resistance in loss‐ and gain‐of‐function mutants. Arabidopsis jaz2 mutants are partially impaired in pathogen‐induced stomatal closing and more susceptible to Pseudomonas . Gain‐of‐function mutations in JAZ 2 prevent stomatal reopening by COR and are highly resistant to bacterial penetration. The JAZ 2 targets MYC 2, MYC 3 and MYC 4 directly regulate the expression of ANAC 19, ANAC 55 and ANAC 72 to modulate stomata aperture. Due to the antagonistic interactions between the salicylic acid ( SA ) and JA defense pathways, efforts to increase resistance to biotrophs result in enhanced susceptibility to necrotrophs, and vice versa. Remarkably, dominant jaz2Δjas mutants are resistant to Pseudomonas syringae but retain unaltered resistance against necrotrophs. Our results demonstrate the existence of a COI 1‐ JAZ 2‐ MYC 2,3,4‐ ANAC 19,55,72 module responsible for the regulation of stomatal aperture that is hijacked by bacterial COR to promote infection. They also provide novel strategies for crop protection against biotrophs without compromising resistance to necrotrophs.