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The zinc‐binding nuclear protein HIPP 3 acts as an upstream regulator of the salicylate‐dependent plant immunity pathway and of flowering time in Arabidopsis thaliana
Author(s) -
Zschiesche Wiebke,
Barth Olaf,
Daniel Katharina,
Böhme Sandra,
Rausche Juliane,
Humbeck Klaus
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
new phytologist
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.742
H-Index - 244
eISSN - 1469-8137
pISSN - 0028-646X
DOI - 10.1111/nph.13419
Subject(s) - biology , arabidopsis thaliana , regulator , arabidopsis , abiotic stress , pseudomonas syringae , microbiology and biotechnology , abscisic acid , gene , transcriptome , biotic stress , zinc finger , plant defense against herbivory , abiotic component , genetics , gene expression , transcription factor , mutant , paleontology
Summary Biotic and abiotic stress responses of plants are linked to developmental programs. Proteins involved in different signaling pathways are the molecular basis of this concerted interplay. In our study, we show that Arabidopsis thaliana HEAVY METAL ‐ ASSOCIATED ISOPRENYLATED PLANT PROTEIN 3 ( HIPP 3; At5g60800) acts as an upstream regulator of stress‐ and development‐related regulatory networks. Localization, metal‐binding and stress‐responsive gene expression of HIPP 3 were analyzed via microscopy, protein and inductively coupled plasma ( ICP )‐ MS analyses and quantitative real‐time PCR . In addition, transcriptome and phenotype analyses of plants overexpressing HIPP 3 were used to unravel its function. Our data show that HIPP 3 is a nuclear, zinc‐binding protein. It is repressed during drought stress and abscisic acid ( ABA ) treatment and, similar to other pathogen‐related genes, is induced after infection with Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato . HIPP 3 overexpression affects the regulation of > 400 genes. Strikingly, most of these genes are involved in pathogen response, especially in the salicylate pathway. In addition, many genes of abiotic stress responses and seed and flower development are affected by HIPP 3 overexpression. Plants overexpressing HIPP 3 show delayed flowering. We conclude that HIPP 3 acts via its bound zinc as an upstream regulator of the salicylate‐dependent pathway of pathogen response and is also involved in abiotic stress responses and seed and flower development.