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Involvement of YODA and mitogen activated protein kinase 6 in Arabidopsis post‐embryogenic root development through auxin up‐regulation and cell division plane orientation
Author(s) -
Smékalová Veronika,
Luptovčiak Ivan,
Komis George,
Šamajová Olga,
Ovečka Miroslav,
Doskočilová Anna,
Takáč Tomáš,
Vadovič Pavol,
Novák Ondřej,
Pechan Tibor,
Ziemann Anja,
Košútová Petra,
Šamaj Jozef
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
new phytologist
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.742
H-Index - 244
eISSN - 1469-8137
pISSN - 0028-646X
DOI - 10.1111/nph.12880
Subject(s) - cytokinesis , biology , phragmoplast , auxin , microbiology and biotechnology , arabidopsis , protein kinase a , cell plate , microtubule , arabidopsis thaliana , kinase , mutant , biochemistry , cell division , cell , gene
Summary The role of YODA MITOGEN ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE KINASE KINASE 4 (MAPKKK4) upstream of MITOGEN ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE 6 (MPK6) was studied during post‐embryonic root development of Arabidopsis thaliana . Loss‐ and gain‐of‐function mutants of YODA ( yda1 and ΔNyda1 ) were characterized in terms of root patterning, endogenous auxin content and global proteomes. We surveyed morphological and cellular phenotypes of yda1 and ΔNyda1 mutants suggesting possible involvement of auxin. Endogenous indole‐3‐acetic acid (IAA) levels were up‐regulated in both mutants. Proteomic analysis revealed up‐regulation of auxin biosynthetic enzymes tryptophan synthase and nitrilases in these mutants. The expression, abundance and phosphorylation of MPK 3, MPK 6 and MICROTUBULE ASSOCIATED PROTEIN 65‐1 (MAP65‐1) were characterized by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and western blot analyses and interactions between MAP 65‐1, microtubules and MPK 6 were resolved by quantitative co‐localization studies and co‐immunoprecipitations. yda1 and ΔNyda1 mutants showed disoriented cell divisions in primary and lateral roots, abortive cytokinesis, and differential subcellular localization of MPK 6 and MAP 65‐1. They also showed deregulated expression of TANGLED1 (TAN1) , PHRAGMOPLAST ORIENTING KINESIN 1 (POK1) , and GAMMA TUBULIN COMPLEX PROTEIN 4 (GCP4) . The findings that MPK6 localized to preprophase bands ( PPB s) and phragmoplasts while the mpk6‐4 mutant transformed with MPK 6AEF (alanine (A)–glutamic acid (E)–phenylanine (F)) showed a root phenotype similar to that of yda1 demonstrated that MPK 6 is an important player downstream of YODA . These data indicate that YODA and MPK 6 are involved in post‐embryonic root development through an auxin‐dependent mechanism regulating cell division and mitotic microtubule ( PPB and phragmoplast) organization.