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Multiple recognition of RXLR effectors is associated with nonhost resistance of pepper against Phytophthora infestans
Author(s) -
Lee HyunAh,
Kim ShinYoung,
Oh SangKeun,
Yeom SeonIn,
Kim SaetByul,
Kim MyungShin,
Kamoun Sophien,
Choi Doil
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
new phytologist
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.742
H-Index - 244
eISSN - 1469-8137
pISSN - 0028-646X
DOI - 10.1111/nph.12861
Subject(s) - effector , phytophthora infestans , pepper , biology , population , genetics , immune system , gene , microbiology and biotechnology , botany , horticulture , demography , sociology
Summary Nonhost resistance ( NHR ) is a plant immune response to resist most pathogens. The molecular basis of NHR is poorly understood, but recognition of pathogen effectors by immune receptors, a response known as effector‐triggered immunity, has been proposed as a component of NHR . We performed transient expression of 54 Phytophthora infestans RXLR effectors in pepper ( Capsicum annuum ) accessions. We used optimized heterologous expression methods and analyzed the inheritance of effector‐induced cell death in an F 2 population derived from a cross between two pepper accessions. Pepper showed a localized cell death response upon inoculation with P. infestans , suggesting that recognition of effectors may contribute to NHR in this system. Pepper accessions recognized as many as 36 effectors. Among the effectors, Pex RD 8 and Avrblb2 induced cell death in a broad range of pepper accessions. Segregation of effector‐induced cell death in an F 2 population derived from a cross between two pepper accessions fit 15 : 1, 9 : 7 or 3 : 1 ratios, depending on the effector. Our genetic data suggest that a single or two independent/complementary dominant genes are involved in the recognition of RXLR effectors. Multiple loci recognizing a series of effectors may underpin NHR of pepper to P. infestans and confer resistance durability.