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Normative values for esophageal functional lumen imaging probe measurements: A meta‐analysis
Author(s) -
Bredenoord Albert J.,
Rancati Francesca,
Lin Haiying,
Schwartz Naama,
Argov Mirit
Publication year - 2022
Publication title -
neurogastroenterology and motility
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.489
H-Index - 105
eISSN - 1365-2982
pISSN - 1350-1925
DOI - 10.1111/nmo.14419
Subject(s) - medicine , percentile , high resolution manometry , lumen (anatomy) , esophagogastric junction , meta analysis , esophageal sphincter , cardiology , nuclear medicine , esophagus , reflux , achalasia , statistics , adenocarcinoma , mathematics , disease , cancer
Background The functional lumen imaging probe (Endoflip™) is increasingly used for evaluation of patients with esophageal symptoms. To improve the interpretation of Endoflip™ in clinical practice, normative values with appropriate cut‐off values are required. Methods Original clinical studies describing Endoflip™ use for measurements of esophageal motility in healthy adults were considered. Meta‐analysis was performed based on published values. Results A total of 17 articles were included in the systematic review, 15 of which were included in the meta‐analysis, representing 154 unique subjects. At 40 ml distention, the 5th–95th and 10th–90th percentiles for esophagogastric junction distensibility index (EGJ‐DI) were 1.96–10.95 mm 2 /mmHg and 2.36–8.95 mm 2 /mmHg, respectively. An EGJ‐DI below 2 mm 2 /mmHg was found in 5.4%, and below 3 mm 2 /mmHg in 20.1% of healthy subjects. At 50 ml distention, the 5th–95th and 10th–90th percentiles for EGJ‐DI are 2.86–10.66 mm 2 /mmHg and 3.28–9.12 mm 2 /mmHg, respectively (below 2 mm 2 /mmHg: 0.6%, 3 mm 2 /mmHg: 6.3%). The 5th–95th and 10th–90th percentiles for EGJ‐DI at 60 ml distention were 3.06–8.14 mm 2 /mmHg and 3.33–7.18 mm 2 /mmHg, respectively (below 2 mm 2 /mmHg: 0.0%, 3 mm 2 /mmHg: 7%). A clear cut‐off for lower values was identified while a large spread in values was observed for upper limits of normal for EGJ‐DI for all filling volumes. Conclusions Given these observations, we recommend using a cut‐off of 2 mm 2 /mmHg for clinical practice, values below can be considered abnormal. Given that 5.4% of the healthy subjects will have an EGJ‐DI below 2 mm 2 /mmHg at 40 ml, we recommend using the 50 and 60 ml distention volumes. The clinical use of an upper limit for normality of EGJ‐DI seems questionable.